导读
瑞典卡罗琳医学院宣布，将2026年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予卡尔·戴瑟罗斯、彼得·黑格曼、格奥尔格·纳格尔三位科学家，以表彰他们在光遗传学领域的贡献。以下为外媒报道。
双语文本
US psychiatrist and neurologist Karl Deisseroth and his German colleagues Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel have been awarded this year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in the field of optogenetics.
美国精神病学家、神经学家卡尔·戴瑟罗斯及其德国同事彼得·黑格曼、格奥尔格·纳格尔，凭借在光遗传学领域的研究成果，荣获今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
The Nobel Committee praised the trio for laying the foundation ofa new era in neuroscience by revealing how to switch on and offneural circuits behind "specific memories, feelings, and behaviours relevant for neurological and psychiatric disorders".
诺贝尔委员会称赞这三位科学家为神经科学的新时代奠定了基础，他们揭示了如何开启和关闭与“神经和精神疾病相关的特定记忆、感受和行为”背后的神经回路。
Their research has helped scientists learn more about the inner workings of the brain, to better understand how the human mind works. In clinical medicine, researchers are using the method to try to restore sight in people with visual impairment.
他们的研究帮助科学家更深入地了解大脑的内部运作机制，以更好地理解人类思维的运作方式。在临床医学中，研究人员正利用这种方法尝试恢复视障患者的视力。
相关表达
1. lay the foundation(s) of/for为……奠定基础
释义：to produce the basic ideas or structures from which something much larger develops.
例：The two leaders have laid the foundations ofa new era in cooperation between their countries.
两位领导人为两国合作的新纪元奠定了基础。
2.switch on/off打开/关闭
释义：If you switch on a light or other electrical device, you make it start working by operating a switch.
例：Many people switch onthe television simply to stave off boredom over the Christmas break.
很多人打开电视仅仅是为了打发圣诞节休息期间的无聊时光而已。
3. impairment n.(身体或智力方面的)缺陷，障碍，损伤
释义：If someone has an impairment, they have a condition which prevents their eyes, ears, or brain from working properly.
例：The law protects people with a physical or mental impairment.
这项法律保护有身体或精神损伤的人。
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