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机舱和轴隧构造
（Constructionof Engine Room and Shaft Tunnel）
机舱是船舶的心脏，是主机、辅机和锅炉等集中布置的地方。轴隧是连接机舱和船尾的水密通道，起保护轴系和便于船员对轴系进行检查和维修的作用。
5.1 机舱构造
图5.1.1单甲板船机舱结构engine roomconstruction of single-decked ship
1舷侧外板side plating
2肘板bracket
3甲板deck
4甲板纵骨decklongitudinal
5甲板纵桁 deck girder
6机舱口纵桁 engine room hatch girder
7机舱口端梁engineroom hatch end beam
8机舱口engineroom opening (hatch)
9强横梁web beam
10机舱支柱engineroom pillar
11强肋骨web frame
12机舱肋骨engine room frame
13舷侧纵桁 side stringer
14内底板inner bottom plating
15旁底桁 side girder
16中底桁 bottomcenter girder
17肋板floor
18外底板bottom plating
19主机机座main engine bed (foundation)
20机舱内平台engine room platform
21横舱壁transverse bulkhead
22舭肘板bilgebracket, tank top plating
图5.1.2多层甲板船机舱结构engine roomconstruction of multi- decked ship
1中底桁 bottom centralgirder
2旁底桁 bottom side girder
3实肋板solidfloor
4船底纵骨bottom longitudinal
5双层底内底板innerplate of double bottom
6双层底顶肘板tanktop bracket
7水平边板horizontal margin plate
8肋骨frame
9强肋骨web frame
10副机座auxiliary engine bed
11主机座main engine bed (foundation)
12机座肘板engine bed bracket
13梁肘板beam bracket
14机舱平台engine room platform
15甲板梁deck beam
16甲板间肋骨tweendeck beam
17上甲板upper deck
18舱室墙壁cabin wall
19墙壁加强材wall side stiffener
20水平加强材horizontal stiffener
21机舱支柱engine room pillar
22机舱棚engine casing
23机舱龛engine room recess
24机舱口engine room opening
25顶层甲板saloon deck
26艇甲板侧边板footlock
27舷墙板bulwark plate
28舷侧厚列板sheer strake
29舷侧外板side plating
30舭列板bilge strake
31船底外板bottom plating
32基座底内龙骨base keelson
33主机纵桁 engine girder
34机坞肘板docking bracket
35舭龙骨bilge keel
36垂直加强材vertical stiffener
37双层底内底纵骨inner plate longitudinal
38舭部肘板bilge bracket
39半深纵骨half deep girder
40艇甲板boat deck
图5.1.3双层底上的柴油机主机基座结构 foundation of main diesel engine on double bottom
1推力轴承基座thrustbearing seat
2垫块base block
3横隔板transversepartition plate
4面板face plate
5基座纵桁 bed-plate girder, girder of foundation
6肘板 bracket
7加强肘板 stiffeningbracket
8内底板 innerbottom plating
图5.1.4单层底上的柴油机主机基座结构 foundation of main diesel engine on single bottom
1机舱后横舱壁aft transverse bulkhead of engine room
2主机基座mainengine foundation
3升高肋板raisedfloor
4机舱前横舱壁foretransverse bulkhead of engine room
5延伸肘板expandedbracket
6肋板floor, knee
7船底板bottomplate
8加强肘板stiffeningbracket, deep bracket
9减轻孔lighteninghole
10基座纵桁 girder of foundation
图5.1.5汽轮机组联合基座 combined foundation of steam turbine set
1内底板inner bottomplate
2减速齿轮滑油柜lubricatingoil storage tank of reduction gear
3推力轴承座thrust bearing seat
4止动板stop bar
5冷凝器基座板base plateof condenser
6汽轮机前支座forefooting of steam turbine
7基座base, foundation
8肘板bracket,knee
9基座纵桁 bed-plate girder, girder of foundation
10基座纵桁防挠材 stiffener of bed-plate girder
11加强筋板stiffening plate
图5.2.3轴隧尾室和应急通道tunnel recess andemergency passage
1中底桁 bottom centralgirder
2底肋板floor
3骑板rider plate
4轴隧侧肋板tunnelside frame
5轴隧顶板tunnel top plate
6艉尖舱肋骨aft peak tank frame
7第二甲板second deck
8艉尖舱舱壁aft peakbulkhead
9应急出口，脱险井escape trunk
10立梯verticalladder
11螺旋桨轴screw shaft
12轴隧出口tunnel exit
本文节选自《简明船舶结构图解词典》 沈华 编著。
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