
英语中的不规则动词,是因为古英语的动词中有不规则变化,因其常用度很高而一直沿用到今天。不规则动词的变化分五种类型:AAA型、AAB型、ABA型、ABB型、ABC型。
①AAA型:三者相同
| 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 |
| cost | cost | cost | 值…钱;花费 |
| cut | cut | cut | 切、割 |
| hit | hit | hit | 撞击 |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | 受伤;疼痛 |
| let | let | let | 让 |
| put | put | put | 放置 |
| read[ri:d] | read [red] | read[red] | 朗读;阅读 |
| set | set | set | 设置 |
| shut | shut | shut | 关、闭(门窗) |
②AAB型:仅过去分词不同
| 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 |
| beat | beat | beaten | 打败; 敲打; 控制; 避免 |
③ABA型:仅过去式不同
| 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 |
| become | became | become | 变得;成为 |
| come | came | come | 来 |
| run | ran | run | 跑步;逃跑 |
④ABB型:原形与变形不同
| 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 |
| bring | brought | brought | 带来 |
| burn | burnt / burned | burnt / burned | 燃烧;烧伤 |
| buy | bought | bought | 买 |
| catch | caught | caught | 抓住;接住 |
| dig | dug | dug | 挖掘 |
| feed | fed | fed | 喂养;喂食 |
| feel | felt | felt | 感觉;摸起来 |
| fight | fought | fought | 打架;打仗 |
| find | found | found | 找到;发现 |
| get | got | got | 获得;得到 |
| have /has | had | had | 有 |
| hear [hiE] | heard [hE:d] | heard [hE:d] | 听见 |
| hold | held | held | 拿着;握住 |
| keep | kept | kept | 保持;保留 |
| lay | laid | laid | 下蛋 |
| learn | learnt / learned | learnt /learned | 学;学会 |
| leave | left | left | 离开 |
| lend | lent | lent | 借出 |
| light | lit / lighted | lit / lighted | 点燃 |
| lose [lu:z] | lost [lRst] | lost [lRst] | 丢失 |
| make | made | made | 制作 |
| mean [mi:n] | meant [ment] | meant [ment] | 意思是 |
| meet | met | met | 遇见;碰到 |
| pay | paid | paid | 付款 |
| say [sei] | said [sed] | said [sed] | 说 |
| sell | sold | sold | 出售 |
| send | sent | sent | 送;派遣 |
| shine | shone / shined | shone / shined | 照耀 |
| shoot | shot | shot | 射击 |
| sit | sat | sat | 坐下 |
| sleep | slept | slept | 睡觉 |
| smell | smelt | smelt | 闻;嗅 |
| spell | spelt | spelt | 拼写 |
| spend | spent | spent | 花费(时间、金钱) |
| sweep | swept | swept | 打扫 |
| tand | stood | stood | 站立 |
| teach | taught | taught | 教;教书 |
| tell | told | told | 告诉 |
| think | thought | thought | 想;认为 |
| understand | understood | understood | 理解 |
| win | won | won | 获胜;赢得 |
⑤ABC型:三者不相同
| 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 |
| am / is | was | been | 是 |
| are | were | been | 是 |
| bear | bore | born | 忍受 |
| begin | began | begun | 开始 |
| blow | blew | blown | 吹;刮风 |
| break | broke | broken | 打破;不服从 |
| do / does | did | done | 做 |
| draw | drew | drawn | 绘画 |
| drink | drank | drunk | 喝;饮 |
| drive | drove | driven [drivn] | 驾驶 |
| eat | ate | eaten | 吃 |
| fall | fell | fallen | 落下;摔倒 |
| fly | flew | flown | 飞;放(风筝) |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | 忘记 |
| give | gave | given | 给 |
| go | went | gone | 去 |
| grow | grew | grown | 种植;生长 |
| know | knew [nju:] | known | 知道;懂得 |
| lie | lay | lain | 躺;卧 |
| mistake | mistook | mistaken | 错拿 |
| ride | rode | ridden | 骑(车、马) |
| ring | rang | rung | 铃(响);打电话 |
| rise | rose | risen [rizn] | 上升;上涨 |
| see | saw | seen | 看见 |
| shake | shook | shaken | 摇动;握(手) |
| show | showed | shown | 出示;给…看 |
| sing | sang | sung | 唱歌 |
| sink | sank | sunk | 下沉 |
| speak | spoke | spoken | 说 |
| swim | swam | swum | 游泳 |
| take | took | taken | 拿走 |
| throw | threw | thrown | 扔;投 |
| wake | woke | woken | 醒来;唤醒 |
| wear | wore | worn | 穿、戴(衣帽等) |
| write | wrote | written | 书写 |
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